Relationship between anemia and oral cancer: a case-control study.

The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence, type and severity of anemia at the time of diagnosis of oral cancer, and its potential association with the degree of tumor cell differentiation. This case-control study used 366 medical records of patients treated at two referral centers for oral cancer diagnosis, specifically: cases (n=70) with a histopathological diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) of the oral cavity, and controls (n=296) with benign oral lesions. Sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical variables of both groups, as well as complete blood count values, were analyzed by descriptive statistics and crude/adjusted logistic regression. Anemia was detected in 15.7% of the cases and 11.8% of the controls. The presence of anemia had an OR=1.64 (odds ratio) (95%CI 0.54-5.00) for OSCC, with no significantly statistical association. Normocytic anemia was the most prevalent form of anemia when oral cancer was diagnosed (91.4% of the controls and 72.7% of the cases), and moderate to severely low hemoglobin levels were associated with OSCC diagnosis (OR 6.49; 95%CI 1.18-35.24), albeit data on hematological examinations were missing.

Relationship between anemia and oral cancer: a case-control study

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence, type and severity of anemia at the time of diagnosis of oral cancer, and its potential association with the degree of tumor cell differentiation. This case-control study used 366 medical records of patients treated at two referral centers for oral cancer diagnosis, specifically: cases (n=70) with a histopathological diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) of the oral cavity, and controls (n=296) with benign oral lesions. Sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical variables of both groups, as well as complete blood count values, were analyzed by descriptive statistics and crude/adjusted logistic regression. Anemia was detected in 15.7% of the cases and 11.8% of the controls. The presence of anemia had an OR=1.64 (odds ratio) (95%CI 0.54-5.00) for OSCC, with no significantly statistical association. Normocytic anemia was the most prevalent form of anemia when oral cancer was diagnosed (91.4% of the controls and 72.7% of the cases), and moderate to severely low hemoglobin levels were associated with OSCC diagnosis (OR 6.49; 95%CI 1.18-35.24), albeit data on hematological examinations were missing.

Relação entre sobrevida dos pacientes com carcinoma espinocelular de cavidade bucal e estadiamento patológico, operados no Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS / Relationship between survival of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and pathological staging, operated at the University Hospital of the Federal University of Santa Maria, RS

Introdução: A neoplasia bucal é uma doença de alta incidência no mundo que vem sendo considerada um problema de saúde pública. O INCA (Instituto Nacional do Câncer) estimava para o ano de 2012 que a incidência de câncer de cavidade bucal, no Brasil, seria de 14.170 novos casos, correspondendo a 7ª neoplasia maligna mais incidente. Tendo em vista o impacto que o câncer de cavidade bucal representa para a sociedade, o presente trabalho visa descrever a sobrevida dos pacientes operados em razão dessa enfermidade, e objetiva comparar essa sobrevida com os estádios de acometimento da neoplasia. Métodos: Estudo descritivo retrospectivo dos pacientes operados por carcinoma espinocelular (CEC) de boca no período entre 1996 e 2006. Resultados: 255 pacientes foram diagnosticados nesse período e 67 desses constituem a amostra utilizada, preenchendo os critérios de inclusão (excisão tumoral completa e esvaziamento cervical). Foram analisadas as variáveis idade, sexo, estadiamento patológico e sobrevida. Ao final da análise dos dados verificou-se que houve uma maior concentração de casos de CEC de boca em indivíduos entre 40 e 60 anos de idade e predominância do sexo masculino. A sobrevida em 5 anos foi de 28,4%, enquanto que 29,85% da amostra faleceu e 41,79% perdeu o acompanhamento antes dos 5 anos pós- cirúrgicos (entre 0 e 4 anos). Conclusão: A neoplasia maligna bucal continua sendo diagnosticada e tratada em estádios avançados.

Background: Oral neoplasia is a disease of high incidence in the world that has been considered a public health problem. The INCA (Brazilian National Cancer Institute) estimated for the year 2012 that the incidence of oral cavity cancer, in Brazil, would be 14,170 new cases, corresponding to the 7th most common malignant neoplasia. Considering the impact that oral cavity cancer represents to society, this work looks to describe the survival of patients operated on account of this illness, and also aims to compare this survival with the stages of neoplastic involvement. Methods: a retrospective descriptive study was carried out on the patients operated for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the mouth in the period between 1996 and 2006. Results: 255 patients were diagnosed and 67 of these constitute the sample used, fulfilling the inclusion criteria that are based on patients operated for complete tumor excision and undergoing cervical lymphadenectomy. The variables of age, sex, pathological staging and survival were analyzed. At the end of the data analysis it was verified there was a greater concentration of cases of SCC of the mouth in individuals between 40 and 60 years of age and predominantly of the male sex. Survival in 5 years was 28.4%, while 29.85% of the sample died and 41.79% lost contact before 5 years after surgery (between 0 and 4 years). Conclusion: The oral malignancy continues to be diagnosed and treated in advanced stages.

Carcinoma de células escamosas labial em paciente jovem / Squamous cell carcinoma labial in young patient

O Carcinoma de células escamosas de lábio é uma neoplasia de origem epitelial que acomete, preferencialmente, homens, com idade superior a 50 anos, com fototipo de pele baixo, história de fotoexposição no passado, tabagistas e etilistas. Apresenta-se, mais comumente, no lábio inferior. O diagnóstico é feito através de história clínica, exame físico, biópsia e exame histopatológico. O tratamento de escolha é a cirurgia com a ressecção completa da lesão, a reconstrução labial e o esvaziamento cervical em casos indicados. Em virtude da elevada mortalidade, torna-se fundamental o diagnóstico e o tratamento precoces. Este trabalho tem por objetivo relatar o caso de um paciente do sexo masculino, de 21 anos, sem fatores de risco associados, mas que desenvolveu o carcinoma de células escamosas em lábio inferior.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma of lip is a cancer of epithelial origin that affects mainly men, aged over 50 years, with low skin phototype, history of sun exposure in the past, smokers and alcoholics. It presents more commonly in the lower lip. Diagnosis is done by clinical history, physical examination, biopsy and histopathology test. The treatment of choice is surgery with complete resection of the lesion, a lip reconstruction and the neck´s lymph node dissection dissection in indicated cases. Due to high mortality, early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for good prognosis. This paper aims to report the case of a male patient of 21 years old without risk factors who developed squamous cell carcinoma on the lower lip.

Prevalência de alterações laríngeas no ambulatório de endoscopia respiratória alta / Prevalence of laryngeal alterations in the high respiratory endoscopy service

Introdução: Atualmente, a fibrolaringoscopia flexível é considerada um método de primeira escolha no exame otorrinolaringológico, principalmente na avaliação da funcionalidade laríngea. Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo é descrever a prevalência de alterações laríngeas, observadas no serviço de endoscopia respiratória alta da Universidade, correlacionado-as com a idade e sexo dos pacientes. Método: Realizamos um estudo retrospectivo abordando prontuários de duzentos e quatorze pacientes do Ambulatório de Endoscopia Respiratória Alta atendidos num período de 18 meses. Os resultados foram avaliados no programa SPSS, versão 10.0, sendo realizadas freqüências, medidas de tendência central e desvio-padrão e teste de associação (qui-quadrado). Resultados: Dos 214 pacientes analisados, 21% (n=45) sinais sugestivos de doença do refluxo gastroesofágico (DRGE) e 7,5% (n=16) sinais sugestivos de câncer de laringe (onde 7 foram confirmados), sendo os restantes 71,5 % (n=153) considerados normais. Dos 45 pacientes que apresentaram DRGE, a freqüência foi maior no sexo feminino, predominando na faixa etária superior a 43 anos. Dos sete pacientes que tiveram câncer de laringe confirmado, todos os casos foram no sexo masculino e na faixa etária superior a 43 anos. Conclusão: O câncer de laringe foi claramente mais prevalente em homens. Com relação aos pacientes com sinais sugestivos de DRGE, não se observou diferença significativa de prevalência entre os sexos

Introduction: Currently, the flexible fibrolaryngoscopy is considered to be a first choice method in the otorhinolaryngological exam, mainly in the laryngeal functioning evaluation. Objective: The objective of the study is to describe the prevalence of laryngeal alterations; observed in the high respiratory endoscopy service of the University, by matching them with the patients' age and sex. Method: We carried out a retrospective study by approaching records of two hundred and fourteen patients of the High Respiratory Endoscopy Service attended in a period of 18 months. The results were evaluated in the SPSS program, version 10.0, and we carried out frequencies evaluation, central tendency and standard deviation measurements and association test (chi-square). Results: Out of the 214 patients analyzed, 21% (n=45) of suggestive signs of Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and 7.5% (n=16) of suggestive signs of larynx cancer (from which 7 were confirmed) and the other ones of 71.5% (n=153) considered to be normal. Out of 45 patients who presented GERD, the frequency was higher in the female sex, and the prevailing age range was higher than 43 years. Out of the seven patients who had larynx cancer confirmed all cases were in the male sex and age range older than 43 years. Conclusion: The larynx cancer was clearly more prevalent in men. As to the patients with suggestive signs of GERD, there was no significant difference of prevalence between sexes.

Cisto nasolabial unilateral: relato de caso clínico / Nasolabial unilateral cyst: clinical case

Os cistos nasolabiais, também chamados cistos nasoalveolares, são lesões não-odontogênicas, raras e de patogenia controvertida, que foram originalmente mencionadas em 1882. Os indivíduos mais afetados por esse tipo de lesão são as mulheres entre 40 e 50 anos, e sua ocorrência é predominantemente unilateral. O diagnóstico é obtido por meio da união de informações clínicas, radiográficas e histopatológicas. Este trabalho relata um caso de cisto nasolabial unilateral em uma paciente de 51 anos, que se queixava de alteração da estética facial, bem como de dificuldade respiratória. Após diagnóstico clínico e radiográfico, foi realizada a abordagem cirúrgica sob anestesia geral, para excisão completa da lesão. A peça removida foi encaminhada para análise histopatológica, que confirmou o diagnóstico de cisto nasolabial.